Tab
Please make your selection from the above CODEX menu options for Episode 13.3
KEY-TEXT
Listen to the audio feed from TSTT Mission Control as you read, operatives.
Marius et Sulla
C. Marius, quī erat novus homō et tenēbat cōnsulis honōrem septiēns, fuit imperātor optimus clārissimusque. DCXLVII a.u.c., Marius, quī timuit barbarōs, cōnstituit grandīre numerōs exercitūs Rōmānī. sed nōn satis virōrum erant quī, secundum lēgēs Rōmānās, mīlitāre poterant. itaque, Marius lēgēs mūtat: nōn iam necesse erat tenēre agrōs. lēgēs novae sīvērunt omnēs cīvēs mīlitāre.
in exercitū Mariī erat quaestor, nōmine L. Cornēlius Sulla. DCLXVI a.u.c., Sulla erat cōnsul. eōdem annō, Mithradātēs, rēx Pontī, bellum gessit contrā Rōmam. necesse fuit senātōribus cōnstituere quī imperātor dūcat exercitum contrā Mithradātem. Senātus ēlēgit Marium; haec ēlēctiō Sullae displicuit. Sulla iter fēcit ad legiōnēs et iussit eōs sēcum iter facere Rōmam. initium erat Bellī Cīvīlis.
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GRAMMATICA
All vocatives (both singular and plural), with the exception of 2nd declension singular, are exactly the same as the nominative (subject) form.
Consider the following 2nd declension singular examples:
Marcus ambulat.Marcus walks.ambulā, Marce!Walk, Marcus!Salvius ad vīllam currit.Salvius runs to the villa.curre ad vīllam, Salvī!Run to the villa, Salvius!
VERBA
barbarī, barbarōrum; m |
barbarians | noun |
cōnsul, cōnsulis; m | consul | noun |
ēlēctiō, ēlēctiōnis; f | election | noun |
exercitus, -ūs; m | army | noun |
honor, honōris; m | honor | noun |
iter, itineris; n | journey, march, passage | noun |
lēx, lēgis; f | law | noun |
mutō, mutāre, mutāvī | to change | verb |
quaestor, quaestōris; m | quaestor | noun |
sinō, sinere, sīvī | to allow, permit | verb |
vester, vestra, vestrum | your | noun |
CULTURALIA
The plot continues to thicken, does it not, Operatives? Now the probator is asking you to defend the merits of either Gaius Marius or Lucius Cornelius Sulla. Like the feud between the Gracchi and Scipio Aemilianus before them, the conflict between Marius and Sulla forever changed Rome. Operatives should know the impact that both men had on all areas of Roman life.
ATTUNEMENT
13.3.a
Directions: Copy and paste each sentence into your attunement form, completing it with the correct word in parentheses. Then translate the sentence into English. Refer to GRAMMATICA 13.1 for a review of ille and hic.
1. Carthago non poterat _______ imperium in mare nostro recuperare. ( hanc, hunc, hoc )
2. M. Porcius Cato maxime _______ gazam invenire volebat. ( hanc, hunc, hoc )
3. Carthago in _________ incendio deleta est. (hoc, hac, haec)
4. in ________ orationibus, Cato semper dixit, "Carthago delenda est!" (his, hos, has)
5. ________ navis est optima omnium! (hic, haec, hoc)
6. _________ probator est potentissimus! (haec, hoc, hic)
7. dux ________ exercitus fuit Marius. (hic, huic, huius)
8. Sulla voluit interficere _______ regem. (hanc, hoc, hunc)
13.3.b
Directions: Give the tense (present, imperfect, perfect, pluperfect), number (singular or plural), and person (1st, 2nd, 3rd) of each of the following verbs. If the verb is an imperative, say so and tell whether it is singular or plural.
1. cecideramus
2. habent
3. adiuveras
4. dicite
5. fecimus
6. iacebat
7. responde
8. dedistis
9. dixerunt
10. audite
13.3.c
Directions: Marius spent a lot of time as consul and general. In this exercise, imagine that you are Marius! You have things you want people to do, but you'll need to tell them using vocatives and imperatives. Copy and paste each command into your attunement form (the first is done for you).
1. vis senatores ducem te facere contra Mithridatem.
tu ergo dicis "Senatores, me ducem facite contra Mithridatem!"
2. vis Senatum leges mutare.
3. non vis Sullam ad legiones ire.
4. vis milites diligenter militare.
5. non vis barbarum bellum gerere.
6. vis novum hominem consulatum tenere.
7. non vis amicum tuum cum Sulla iungere.
8. vis centurionem milites ducere.
9. non vis Mithridatem trans mare navigare.
10. vis Sullam audire.
CULTURALIA Comprehension Questions
Directions: Based on the Culturalia readings, answer the following questions.
1. How many times was Marius elected Consul?
2. What was he noted for in relation to Rome's armies?
3. When was Marius born? When did he die?
4. How many times did Sulla hold the office of Consul? What other prestigious position did he hold?
5. How many times did Sulla march on Rome?
6. How did Sulla use his dictatorial powers?
KEY-TEXT Comprehension Questions
Directions: Using the KEY-TEXT for 13.3, answer the following questions in complete Latin sentences.
1. cūr Marius erat clārissimus?
2. cūr Marius lēgēs Rōmae mutāvit?
3. quid novae lēgēs Rōmae sīvērunt?
4. dum Sulla erat cōnsul, quī contrā Rōmam bellum gessit?
5. quem Senātus dūcere exercitum ēlēgit?
6. cūr Sulla cum mīlitibus suīs iter Rōmam fēcit?