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Please make your selection from the above CODEX menu options for Episode 11.3
KEY-TEXT
Listen to the audio feed from TSTT Mission Control as you read, operatives.
bellum Pūnicum
Māmertīnēs, quī erant mercēnāriī, Messānam prēndērunt, omnēs virōs necāvērunt, et fēminās in mātrimōniō dūxērunt. mox Māmertīnēs contrā Syrācūsam pūgnābant. Hierō Secundus, quī erat tyrannus, Māmertīnēs prope Mȳlās vīcit. Māmertīnēs et Carthāginem et Rōmam implōrāvērunt. Carthāgō ad Messānam mīlitēs mīsit sed Māmertīnēs nolēbant mīlitēs Poenōs in urbe habēre. iterum Rōmam implōrāvērunt. senātōrēs Rōmānī rem in senātū ēgērunt sed nōn potuērunt decernere. populus autem Rōmānus dēcrēvit Rōmam Māmertīnēs adiuvāre. Appius Claudius Caudex ūnā cum multis mīlitibus ad Messānam nāvigāvērunt. ita gerere bellum in Carthāginem Rōmānī incēperant.
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GRAMMATICA
Operatives, now would be a great time to review the irregular verbs volō, eō, and possum in all four tenses to which you have previously seen.
volō, velle, voluī - to wish, to want
| Present | Imperfect | Perfect | Pluperfect | |
| 1st Person singular (ego) | volō | volēbam | voluī | volueram |
| 2nd Person singular (tū) | vīs | volēbās | voluistī | voluerās |
| 3rd Person singular | vult | volēbat | voluit | voluerat |
| 1st Person plural (nōs) | volumus | volēbāmus | voluimus | voluerāmus |
| 2nd Person plural (vōs) | vultis | volēbātis | voluistis | voluerātis |
| 3rd Person plural | volunt | volēbant | voluērunt | voluerant |
eō, īre, iī - to go
| Present | Imperfect | Perfect | Pluperfect | |
| 1st Person singular (ego) | eō | ībam | iī | ieram |
| 2nd Person singular (tū) | īs | ībās | iistī | ierās |
| 3rd Person singular | it | ībat | iit | ierat |
| 1st Person plural (nōs) | īmus | ībāmus | iimus | ierāmus |
| 2nd Person plural (vōs) | ītis | ībātis | iistis | ierātis |
| 3rd Person plural | eunt | ībant | iērunt | ierant |
possum, posse, potuī - to be able (to)
| Present | Imperfect | Perfect | Pluperfect | |
| 1st Person singular (ego) | possum | poteram | potuī | potueram |
| 2nd Person singular (tū) | potes | poterās | potuistī | potuerās |
| 3rd Person singular | potest | poterat | potuit | potuerat |
| 1st Person plural (nōs) | possumus | poterāmus | potuimus | potuerāmus |
| 2nd Person plural (vōs) | potestis | poterātis | potuistis | potuerātis |
| 3rd Person plural | possunt | poterant | potuērunt | potuerant |
VERBA
CULTURALIA
Operatives, the First Punic War was a turning point in Roman history, especially the way in which Rome was drawn into the conflict. It's clear that the TSTT demands a deeper knowledge of it to fulfill mission objectives. You should pay careful attention to the Battle of Mylae and the Roman commander Duilius, especially in light of what had happened at the Battle of the Lipari Islands. Note that while the Carthaginean commander was named Hannibal, this is not the famous Hannibal, son of Hamilcar Barca, of the Second Punic War.
ATTUNEMENT
11.3a
Directions: Refer back to the immersion in 11.3 to complete the following:
Find and copy:
a. 2 noun-adjective pairs
b. 4 prepositional phrases
c. 3 nouns in the accusative case
d. 2 perfect tense verbs
e. 3 nouns in the genitive case
f. 6 infinitives
11.3b
Directions: Copy and paste each sentence into your attunement form, completing it with the correct word in parentheses. Then translate the sentence into English.
1. taberna (Euphorbus, Euphorbī, Euphorbō) parva et obscura fuit.
2. potentia (lapide, lapis, lapidis) magna est.
3. Dulius debet (augere, auget) (gloria, gloriam) (Romam, Romā, Romae).
4. Duilius dixit, "quid (agō, agam)?
5. Ego nihil de (bellum, bello) facere (potuit, potui).
6. Duilius frustrā vōs (spectāverat, spectāveratis, spectāverant)
7. Centurio, (quod, quae, quī) in (proram, prorae, prorā) stat, clamabat.
8. Recentii (vomuerat, vomuims, vomuērunt) diu.
11.3c
Directions: Using the key-text for 11.3, answer the following questions in complete Latin sentences.
1. ante bellum Pūnicum, quid Rōma vīcerat?
2. cur Carthāgo et Rōma pūgnābant?
3. quis erant Māmertīnēs?
4. quis erat tyrannus Syracusae?
5. quis Māmertīnēs implōrāvērunt?
6. ubi senātōrēs Rōmānī rem ēgērunt?
7. quis ad Messānam nāvigāvērunt?
11.3d
Directions: Answer the following questions based on the Culturalia readings.
1. What year was the battle of Mylae?
2. Why was Mylae a significant victory for the Romans?
3. What do Duilius, Gaius Marius, and Cicero all have in common?
4. What major naval battle did Duilius win for the Romans during the First Punic War?
5. What years did Hannibal Gisco live? What Punic war was he involved in?
6. What three battles was he involved in? Was he successful? What happened to him?
7. During what years did Hannibal Barca live?
8. Where did Hannibal Barca die? Why was he there?
11.3e
Directions: Use at least 15 words from the 11.3 Verba and at least one form of each volō, eō, and possum to write a short (5-8 sentence) Latin story.