C. Iulius Caesar, De Bello Gallico 1.2

Caesar turns from the survey of Gaul to a single named figure, Orgetorix, and to a year fixed by the consulship of M. Valerius Messalla and M. Pupius Piso (61 BC). The natural features that bound Helvetian territory are named here: the Rhine, the Jura range, and Lacus Lemannus.

 

Tier 1

Orgetorīx erat vir nōbilissimus et dītissimus apud Helvētiōs. eō annō cōnsulēs Rōmānī erant M. Messāla et M. Pupius Pīsō. Orgetorīx rēx esse cupiēbat. itaque cum aliīs nōbilibus cōnsilium cēpit. Orgetorīx Helvētiīs dīxit: "necesse est nōbīs ex fīnibus nostrīs exīre cum omnibus cōpiīs. tōtam Galliam capere facile erit. vōs enim omnēs hominēs virtūte superātis."

 

Orgetorīx facile Helvētiīs persuāsit, quod Helvētiī undique clausī erant. flūmen Rhēnum, lātum et altum, agrum Helvētium ā Germānīs dīvidit. mōns Iūra altus Helvētiōs ā Sēquanīs dīvidit. lacus Lemannus et flūmen Rhodanus prōvinciam Rōmānam ab Helvētiīs dīvidunt.

 

itaque Helvētiī longē īre nōn poterant, neque facile gentibus fīnitimīs bellum īnferre poterant. sed Helvētiī bellum gerere valdē cupiēbant. itaque magnum dolōrem habēbant. Helvētiī fortēs erant et bellum amābant. sed multī erant, et terra eōrum parva erat. terra Helvētiōrum longa erat CCXL mīlia passuum, lāta CLXXX mīlia passuum.

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