annī sex sē volvērunt, quōs annōs multa proelia Agricola ēgit.
Britannī nihil fractī pugnae priōris eventū et ultionem aut servitium expectantēs, tandemque doctī commūne perīculum concordiā propulsandum, legationibus et foederibus omnium civitātium vīrēs excīverant. iamque super triginta milia armātōrum aspiciēbantur, et adhuc adfluēbat omnis iuventūs et quibus crūda ac vīridis senectūs, clari bello et sua quisque decōra gestantēs, cum inter plūrīs ducēs virtūte et genere praestāns nōmine Calgacus apud contractam multitūdinem proelium poscentem dīxit: "Quōtiēns causās bellī et necessitātem nostram aspiciō, magnus mihi animus est hōdiernum diem cōnsēnsumque vestrum initium lībertātis tōtī Britanniae fūtūrum esse: nam et ūniversī coistis et servitūtis expertēs, et nullae ultrā terrae ac nē mare quidem secūrum inminente nōbīs classe Rōmānā."
Purpose Clauses
Previously, the only subjunctive clauses you encountered were cum clauses (and indirect questions.) Recall that in cum clauses the "cum" was translated as “when, since or because”. Now, operatives, we are going to add another type of subjunctive clause. Consider the following:
Septimus Recentiōs ad prīncipia dūxit ut Agricolae dīcerent.
Septimus lead the Recentiī to the leader's tent in order to speak to Agricola.
Gāius Recentius Bellātor gladium suum strinxit ut tīrōnēs pūgnāret.
Gāius Recentius Bellātor drew his sword in order to fight the henchmen.
Notice how the “ut” that introduced the clause was, in both cases, translated as “in order to.” These subjunctive clauses are called purpose clauses because they indicate the purpose for which an action was accomplished.
| admīror, admīrārī, admīrātus sum | to admire | verb (deponent) |
| adnūntiō, adnūntiāre, adnūntiāvī, adnūntiātus | to announce, make known | verb |
| antea | before | adverb |
| crēber, crēbra, crēbrum | thick, close | adjective |
| dēclīvitās, dēclīvitātis | a slope | noun |
| dēmum | at last | adverb |
| deorsum | downwards | adverb |
| difficilis, difficile | hard, difficult | adjective |
| feriō, ferīre | to strike | verb |
| fīgō, fīgere, fīxī, fīxus | fix, fasten | verb |
| fīnālis, fīnāle | (of or relating to) boundaries, the end | adjective |
| haud | not at all | adverbs |
| hodiernus, hodierna, hodiernum | of this day | adjective |
| horreō, horrēre, horruī, - | to tremble | verb |
| inhibeō, inhibēre, inhibuī, inhibītus | to hold in, hold back | verb |
| iniūrius, iniūria, iniūrium | unlawful, wrongful | adjective |
| inventiō, inventiōnis | (the faculty of) invention | noun |
| iūcundē | agreeably | adverb |
| iūrō, iūrāre, iūrāvī, iūrātus | to swear, take an oath | verb |
| lēnis, lēne | soft | adjective |
| mūtō, mūtāre, mūtāvī, mūtātus | to move | verb |
| paulātim | gradually | adverb |
| perlentē | very slowly | adverb |
| prīscus, prīsca, prīscum | ancient, early, former | adjective |
| prīvātus, prīvāta, prīvātum | private | adjective |
| quiēs, quiētis | rest | noun |
| rāmus, rāmī | branch | noun |
| recōgnōscō, recōgnōscere, recōgnōvī, recōgnitus | to know again, recollect | verb |
| reprimō, reprimere, repressī, repressus | to keep back | verb |
| retineō, retinēre, retinuī, retentus | to hold back, keep back | verb |
| saccus, saccī | a sack, bag | noun |
| sua sponte | freely, willingly | noun |
| tēlum, tēlī | missile, dart, javelin | noun |
| terminus, terminī | boundary, limit | noun |
| virga, virgae | a twig, branch; wand, staff | noun |
Operative, the first section of Mission 20 appears to build up to the prompt you'll find at the end of session 20.1.b: give Agricola some information he can use. To that end, you'll want to be developing a plan of action that you hope Agricola will follow. We think things are rapidly coming to a head here in Britannia, and that it would be well to "blue-sky" some kind of solution to the woes of provincial Roman life. You don't have to come up with Utopia, but we think Agricola might be helped by hearing how you think relations between Rome and the provinces could be improved, especially when there was such a high turn over of governors. Keep in mind that Britannia was established as an imperial proconsular province.