Ovid, Ars Amatoria, lines 51-60
nōn egō quaerentem ventō dare vēla iubebo,nec tibi, ut inveniās, longa terenda via est.
Andromedān Perseus nigris portārit ab Indīs,
raptaque sit Phrygiō Graia puella virō,
tot tibi tamque dabit formōsās Rōma puellās, 55
'haec habet' ut dīcās 'quicquid in orbe fuit.'
Gargara quot segetēs, quot habet Methymna racēmōs,
aequore quot piscēs, fronde teguntur avēs,
quot caelum stellās, tot habet tua Rōma puellās:
māter in Aeneae constitit urbe suī. 60
Operatives, so far in Latin we have seen verbs in the active voice. Look at the following examples:
Bellātor canem portat. | canis ā Bellātōre portātur. |
Bellator carries the dog | The dog is being carried by Bellator. |
Clōdia mīlitem clāmāntem audit. | mīles clāmāns ā Clōdiā audītur. |
Clodia hears the soldier shouting | The shouting soldier is being heard by Clodia. |
The verbs in the sentences on the left have verbs in the active voice. In the active voice, the subject of the verb does the action of the verb. Thus, in the first sentence, Bellator is carrying the dog.
The verbs in the sentences on the right have verbs in the passive voice. In the passive voice, the subject of the verb receives the action of the verb. Thus, in the first sentence on the right, the dog is being carried by Bellator.
Forming verbs in the passive voice is fairly easy. In the present, imperfect and future passive, the passive voice uses the following personal endings:
singular | plural | |
1st person | -r | -mur |
2nd person | -ris | -mini |
3rd person | -tur | -ntur |
The present passive indicative is formed in the following way. Take the present stem of the verb and add the passive personal endings. Examine the following example:
amō, amāre, amāvī, amātus - to love
singular | plural | |||
1st person | amor | I am loved | amāmur | we are loved |
2nd person | amāris | you are loved | amāmini | you (all) are loved |
3rd person | amātur | he/she is loved | amantur | they are loved |
abeō, abīre, abīvī, abitus | to go away, leave | verb |
aedificō, aedificāre, aedificāvī, aedificātus | to build | verb |
agō, agere, ēgī, āctus | to do, drive, act | verb |
appāreō, appārēre, appāruī, appāritus | to appear, be visible | verb |
appropinquō, appropinquāre, appropinquāvī, appropinquātus | to approach | verb |
ars, artis - f | art, skill | noun |
aspectus, aspectūs - m | an appearance, look | noun |
aut | or | conjunction |
avunculus, avunculī | uncle (mother's brother) | noun |
bis | twice | adverb |
capiō, capere, cēpī, captus | to take | verb |
carmen, carminis - n | song, poem | noun |
citus, cita, citum | swift | adjective |
currus, currūs - m | charriot | noun |
doceō, docēre, docuī, doctus | to teach | verb |
domus, domī - f | house | noun |
exemplum, exemplī - n | example | noun |
exspectō, exspectāre, exspectāvī, exspectātus | to wait for, expect | verb |
familia, familiae - f | family | noun |
faux, faucis - f | entrance | noun |
fortūna, fortūnae - f | fortune, chance | noun |
heus | hey! | interjection |
impōnō, impōnere, imposuī, imposītus | to place upon | verb |
indīgnē | indignantly | adverb |
ingēns, ingentis | huge, enormous | adjective |
lectus, lectī - m | couch, bed | noun |
legō, legere, lēgī, lēctus | to read | verb |
levis, leve | light, swift | adjective |
ludō, ludere, lusī, lūsus | to play | verb |
maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsus | to remain | verb |
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtus | to move | verb |
necessitās, necessitātis - f | necessity, fate | noun |
nepōs, nepōtis - m | grandson | noun |
nihil | nothing | noun |
nōscō, nōscere, nōvī, nōtus | to know, learn | verb |
occurrō, occurrere, occurrī, occursus | to meet | verb |
ōstiārius, ōstiāriī - m | doorman | noun |
ōstium, ōstiī - n | entrance | noun |
placeō, placēre, placuī, placitus | to please | verb |
populus, populī | the people | noun |
post | behind | preposition |
praedēlectus, praedēlecta, praedēlectum | very pleasing | adjective |
ratis, ratis - f | raft, boat | noun |
regō, regere, rēxī, rēctus | to rule | verb |
rēmus, rēmī - m | an oar | noun |
sinō, sinere, sīvī, situs | to let, let down, set | verb |
sordidus, sordida, sordidum | dirty | adjective |
tantus, tanta, tantum | so great, such | adjective |
temptātiō, temptātiōnis - f | attempt | noun |
teneō, tenēre, tenuī | to hold | verb |
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātus | to lift up, raise | verb |
triumphus, triumphī - n | triumphal procession | noun |
vēlum, vēlī - n | sail, cloth | noun |
vester, vestra, vestrum | your | pronoun |
vigil, vigilis - m | those on watch, on alert, awake | adjective |
vītō, vītāre, vītāvī, vītātus | to avoid, evade | verb |
vultus, vultūs - m | face | noun |
Ovid and Rome! Operative, they go together like peanut-butter and fluff! Here's Ovid's own guide to where to go in Rome found in the Ars Amatoria, and it's all (pretty much) on the way to the Palatine:
CULTURALIA Comprehension Questions
Directions: Using the CULTURALIA section of your CODEX as a guide, answer the following questions:
dē Ovidiō
1. When did Ovid write the Ars Amatoria?
2. Briefly describe the content of the three books.
3. How was the work received? Who might not have liked it?
4. In the exerpt in the CULTURALIA section, what imagry is used at the very beginning? To what is finding a lover compared?
5. Name three of the places Ovid suggests you should go.
6. Where does Ovid think is the best place to find a lover?
7. According to what Roman myth does Ovid justify the mingling of games and love?